Ikhamera ye-Optical

Ikhamera yokubona iyisisetshenziswa esithwebula izithombe sisebenzisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo, iziguqule zibe izithombe zedijithali noma ezisekelwe kufilimu. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuthwebula izithombe, ukugadwa, ukuhlola indawo, kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi, ihlinzeka ngezithombe ezinokulungiswa okuphezulu ezimbonini eziningi.

Yiziphi Izici Eziyinhloko Nezicelo Zekhamera Ye-Optical?

Amakhamera okubona aklanyelwe ukuthwebula izithombe ngokugxilisa ukukhanya kwinzwa noma ifilimu, okuwenza abe ithuluzi elibalulekile emikhakheni eminingi. Izici zabo ezibalulekile zifaka i-imaging enesinqumo esiphezulu, ubuchwepheshe be-lens obuthuthukisiwe, amandla we-autofocus, kanye nokucubungula isithombe ngesikhathi sangempela. Lezi zici zithuthukisa ikhono lekhamera lokuletha izithombe ezibukhali, ezinemininingwane yohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Enye yezinhlelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zamakhamera abonakalayo ukuthwebula izithombe kanye nevidiyo yobungcweti. Amakhamera anokulungiswa okuphezulu anesistimu yelensi ethuthukisiwe asetshenziselwa ukudala izithombe ezimangalisayo namavidiyo emikhakheni efana nobuntatheli, ukwenziwa kwefilimu, nokukhangisa. Ikhono lokulawula ukuchayeka, ukugxila, nokulinganisela kombala kuvumela abathwebuli bezithombe nabathwebuli bevidiyo ukuthi bakhiqize okuqukethwe okubukwayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ekugadweni nasekuvikelekeni, amakhamera abonakalayo adlala indima ebalulekile ekuqapheni izindawo zomphakathi nezizimele. Amakhamera okuphepha afakwe i-optical zoom namandla okubona ebusuku ahlinzeka ngezithombe ezinemininingwane ezisiza abomthetho namabhizinisi ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha. Lawa makhamera asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ze-CCTV, ukuqapha kwethrafikhi, kanye nokuvimbela ubugebengu.
Olunye uhlelo olubalulekile lusekuhloleni komkhathi kanye nesayensi yezinkanyezi. Amakhamera okubona afakwe kumasathelayithi nezibonakude athwebula izithombe zezinkanyezi zasemkhathini, esiza ososayensi bahlole amaplanethi, izinkanyezi, nemithala. Amakhamera ezibonakude, njengeHubble Space Telescope, anikeze eminye yezithombe ezinemininingwane yendawo yonke, esiza ocwaningweni lwesayensi yezinkanyezi.
Amakhamera okubuka nawo abalulekile ocwaningweni lwesayensi nasekuthwebuleni izithombe zezokwelapha. Kumakroskopu, amakhamera okubona anokucaca okuphezulu asetshenziselwa ukuhlola amasampula ebhayoloji ezingeni le-microscopic, esiza abacwaningi nodokotela ukuthi bahlonze izifo futhi benze izivivinyo. Ngokufanayo, amakhamera asetshenziswa ku-endoscopy avumela odokotela ukuthi bahlole izitho zangaphakathi futhi benze ukuhlinzwa okungatheni.
Sekukonke, amakhamera abonakalayo awubuchwepheshe obuguquguqukayo nobubalulekile obuqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokuthuthuka kwezinzwa zezithombe, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nokucubungula kwedijithali. Ukusetshenziswa kwazo okubanzi kuzenza ithuluzi eliyisisekelo emphakathini wanamuhla.